My brother and I made an awesome slingshot with old bike tubes tied between two trees when we were kids. We used to fire dog food pellets (we were using what came to hand) right over our neighbour's yard.
I use old tubes for bunjybungie straps on my trailer, combined with a metal clip. Also a cheap and cheerful bike lock can be made with a length of chain inside an old tube and a padlock. My work has a bike cage, so I don' really need a D-lock, so I use one like this.
Here's another one. I plaited three or four together into a great chew toy for my whippet