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My bicycle currently looks like this:
Can I move the brake levers from the side to the front, so it looks like this?
How do I go about it, and is it good idea? I'm new to riding this kind of a bicycle and I feel very uncomfortable leaning so far to the front to hit at the brakes!
Not really. The levers in the second picture are commonly called "interrupter" levers, and are usually used in addition to the levers you've already got.
I think you'd find that if you simply tried to relocate your existing levers, they wouldn't fit against the tops of the bars very well, and the way the levers are curved would cause them to bump into the handlebars before you had fully depressed them.
You could replace your current levers with interrupters (at least some interrupters are designed so they can be used alone). I'd advise against that: riding from the "tops" of the handlebars can make handling a little dicey, and this would lock you into braking from a less-controlled position. You can ride on the brake hoods or the "ramps" just above them and still apply a fair amount of leverage to the brake levers while being in a position that's reasonably comfortable and controlled.
If your bike is the one shown in the top picture, you can also raise your stem. I think that if you give the forward position a chance, you'll adapt to it. If not, you can replace your handlebars with flat bars (you'd need new brake levers for that as well).
Yes, you probably can achieve the desired result, though not the way you described. Some bikes come with the standard levers, as shown in your first photo, PLUS additional levers that run parallel to the crossbar of the handlebars, exactly where you want them. Perhaps interrupter lever is another name for them, but extension levers is what I know them as.
Though not always the case, many, if not most, good quality brake systems can be modified by adding the extension levers as an aftermarket modification. Good systems use screws to hold the levers in place, so that they are replaceable. Those are easy to add extensions to.
If yours have rubber hoods on them, as in the photo, the modification includes punching a hole through those, so that the extension can be bolted on. If you bought your bike from a good bike shop, they should be able to do it for you in less than an hour, unless yours are not suitable for modification.
If, for whatever reason, you can't/don't want to do that, you can replace the entire lever system with one that already has the extensions, like this one; https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B00LIFBEGA/ref=s9_acsd_zwish_hd_bw_bEf0F_c_x_w?pf_rd_m=ATVPDKIKX0DER&pf_rd_s=merchandised-search-11&pf_rd_r=Y4C1DVZ2RBB2KN05YXVY&pf_rd_t=101&pf_rd_p=35be4e2e-4268-5a73-9f8b-dcbcdf18a280&pf_rd_i=3494211
