Brakes that work by friction of a flexible band on a drum.
A Band Brake is a kind of drum brake, but instead of using shoes pushed against the inside of a drum, a Band Brake uses a flexible band that wraps 90% of the way around the outside of a drum fastened to a wheel hub.
Band Brakes are exclusively cable-actuated, and pull the loose end of the band forward against the rotation of the wheel.
As such they work much better in one direction than in the other.
Most of these brakes would be found on the rear wheel, but there's no reason you couldn't have one on the front provided the drum could thread onto the hub, and that there was some way to fasten the reaction arm onto the fork leg.
Also see [drum-brake] [rim-brake] [hydraulic-brake]